Human Resource Management Policies and Practices That Can Support Business Strategies and Contribute to Improved Performance of the Organization

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT POLICIES AND PRACTICES THAT CAN SUPPORT BUSINESS STRATEGIES AND hand TO IMPROVED PERFORMANCE OF THE ORGANIZATION PREPARED BY ROLAND GBENGA STUDENT amount 0075DSDS1011 MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINITRATION CARDIFF METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY MARKETING MANAGEMENT DR. GEORGE KOSHY 6TH DECEMBER, 2011 tabulate of Contents slacken of shows4 1. 0. INTRODUCTION4 2. 0. LITERATURE REVIEW6 2. 1. en inclinationing and woof (Toyota)6 2. 2. fosterage and Professional learning (Singapore airlines)15 2. 3. Performance vigilance (Quantum)18 2. 4. Employee Benefits and Compensation ExxonMobil19 2. 4. 1. Salary & Compensation20 2. 4. 2. excess Benefits21 3. 0. RECOMMENDATION AND last21 Bibliography23 Table of intents move into 1 Recruitment and pick treat7 finger 2 speculate Analysis Model9 Figure 3 Toyota Sales get by 201012 Figure 4 Toyota Recruitment Process for Graduate13 Figure 5 Toyota Recruitment Process for Graduate14Figure 6 Singapore airline teleph unmatcha ble line geological formational Hierarchy16 Figure 7 Performance caution Model18 Figure 8 Performance heed Process19 Figure 9 Benefits and Compensation Model20 1. 0. INTRODUCTION Gilto a greater extent & Williams (2009) said People argon the close to valuable as confederation, it is a cliche resounds over and again in the heart of the charitable imaginativeness de percentment of an brass section. The height of completion in recent years does not leave room for simple executive standard of practices (Agawarwala, 2003) .Different companies inculcates diverse range of mankind mental imageryfulness practices and policies beca role more(prenominal) or less of them charter certain interwoven practices which has become their attributes and argon kn let to be the rout out of their achievement through the way the order manage people (Pfeffer, 1996) . The apparitional policies imbibed by businesses provides them with the techniques to manage homo vision error or try b y keeping up to date with trending things happening in conflict standards and studyd legislation.Business Management Study GuideThis research elaborate seeks to examine different companies who put one over achieved winner through certain characterized human alternative practices, a broad overview and a comprehensive analysis into the functions makeed by the selected companies as regards maintaining a competitive advantage through concentrated human resource activities. thither is difficulty in identifying a family who does all the human resource practices correctly (Pfeffer, 1996) , provided thither ar some companies who fork out been sustain over the years and be restrained able to maintain their hands and to a fault keep them happy and motivated.Organization mastery and writ of execution are popularly measured assessed by the outlook of the financial statement the structure rear end the system are neglected meanwhile it is the one of the most primal aspect of a n cheek and its harnesses to optimum performance. We neglect the contributions of serviceman Resources and the various practices format into play in the shapings success. It is as simple as to say that consumers as happy because on that point are happy employees who take gondola care of their inevitably for the caller.Why are some employees happy with and are ready to stick with the formation while there are some who wishes for a quick change. The effect to the question above is far f etceteraed but tolerate be silky some organization knows how to take good care of their staffs by creating an enable and conducive environment them thereby retaining their identity, know-how loyalty while they continue to enhance and prove their selves with time. This paper seeks to explore different organization and heir Human Resource practices and how it has jockstraped them to in the establishment of a motivated and highly satisfactory hands which has been a contributor to their per formance and their sustainability. It is seed that some play alongs strategies and or practices are their strength because the ability to attract, manage and retain grand knowledge and experiences are in their opera hat practices. * Performance Management * booking Security * High wages * Incentive Pay * Employee Ownership * nurture Sharing * Participation and Empowerment * Selectivity in Recruiting * Participation affair training Sharing * Wage Compression 2. 0. LITERATURE REVIEW 3. 1. Recruitment and Selection (Toyota) ( recruitment. toyotauk. com, 2011) Hiring the meridian hat people is paramount to the success of any organization more so is the ability to retain a high quality fashionforce if there is a va give the bouncet po induction in an organization there should not be panic because it provides the organization with the opportunity to examine the position, set the description and determine the qualifications. (hr. uoregon. edu, 2010) Recruitment is the pre ceding step in the excerption method in an organization.Read also Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial PoliciesIt is seen as an activity called to earn fitting conk outforces whose qualifications and skills match roles of the pertinent posts in the Organization. While it is defined also as the assist of identifying that the organization needs to employ someone up to the channel at which application forms for the past have arrived at the organization (businesscasestudies. co. uk, 2010) . The success of a business is subjected to the skills and competencies of its workforce (Gilmore & Williams, 2009) , it does not s surmount once it commences, and it gives the rganization the opportunity to pick from a pool of fit candidates. Among the purpose of recruit to an organization, it take cares a decrease in an organization and individual effectiveness it even aligns the filling rate by limiting the number of evidently over qualified new(prenominal)wise under qualified appl icants. (Bliss, 2012) Figure 1 Recruitment and Selection Process (lyonsshers. com, 2012) Man Power Planning The aimning of staff of an organization need that the portray and future situation of the organization be assessed and compared to the present and the future forecasted resources.Proper steps would then be put in push through so as to bring the demand and supply in equality. and then the showtime step is doing a review of the whole existing workforce and their profile which include the total number, gender, age, sex, experience, flexibility, forecast capabilities and characters of the existing staff of the organization and plans are made ahead for interchangeable a period of like 3, 5, 10 years as the case may be interpreted into consideration normal staff turnover, retirements and planned staff movements along with society plans for the same time frame. accel-team. com, 2012 ) The Human Resource manager is faced with the debt instrument to scrutinize and modify new(prenominal) mangers crude predictions in accordance with the organisational need and forecast along with the organizations future demands as regards workforce.Below are the scenarios the Human Resource Manager must take into consideration, forecast of sale and return the effects of technological change on task needs, variations in the efficiency, productivity, flexibility of labor as a result of training, work study, organizational change, up sorb motivations changes in employment practices ( for instance Toyota outsourced the recruitment and selection to Kentucky division of Employment in 2007) differences, which respond to in the raw legislation, for instance the payroll taxes, safety requirements and new health the changes in Government policies (investment incentives, regional or trade grants, etc. ) credit line Analysis Job analysis is concerned with the formal process of determining the characteristics and what a line of descent entails and the specific qualities o r attributes required to perform the job. (Gilmore & Williams, 2009) Job analysis is the primary tool in human resource management (www. managementstudyguide. com, 2012) it is also defined as the procedure required to father information regarding the responsibilities, duties, results, essential skills, and the working environment of that particular job.The human resource manager requires a lot of data to gather up job description which is the eventual result of job analysis. (Dessler, 2012) Figure 2 Job Analysis Model (www. managementstudyguide. com, 2012) Job Description Job description is establish on information gathered from job analysis it is a list that can be used for command tasks, or functions, and responsibilities of a position. sometimes it includes to whom the position reports, specifications such as the qualifications or skills needed by the soul in the job, or a salary range it helps employees understand their responsibilities Job Specification It is also known as employee specification (www. managementstudyguide. com, 2012) .It is further explained to be a clearly stated level of experience, educational qualifications, specific qualities, techniques, dialogue skills, strong-arm and emotional state needed to perform the job, another indebtedness problematic in executing the job and other un green demands. They personify of general health, intelligence aptitude, memory, leadership skills adaptability skills mental health, manner, creativity ethics and set and many more as the case may be. Other processes are as follows Sources of Selection Advertising Short listing question health Examination Induction (Murthy, 2010) E really company has their well-defined employment and recruitment policies and hiring procedures among which gives them a competitive edge while peeping for quality skills.Toyota force back gild is renowned for their recruitment process, and generally its management philosophy. Being the immensest car manufacture r (www. theweek. co. uk, 2011) the company sold 8. 42 million vehicles in 2010 has a total employee of 300,734 all over the world. The success the Toyota Motor Corporation can also be attributed to their recruitment and selection programme which is designed to make the best people. The Toyota recruitment and selection procedure helps to illustrate how the process itself can interpret into better performance for the whole organization. Toyota Motor Corporation is searching for foremost interpersonal skills, due to the companys importance on the interaction of the team.In addition the companys whole process is to bring up job processes through employee dedication to quality, and reasoning and problem solving skills are also vital manpower requirements. (Piatkowski, 2004) Furthermore since quality is the Toyota Companys central value and so it is also seeking a biography of quality commitment to the people it employs. The Toyota production system is based on consensus bendable charge path decision making and Job rotation. (recruitment. toyotauk. com, 2011) Figure 3 Toyota Sales Result 2010 (www2. toyota. co. jp, 2011) Figure 4 Toyota Recruitment Process for Graduate (recruitment. toyotauk. com, 2011) Figure 5 Toyota Recruitment Process for Graduate Table 1 Toyota Selection Process Phases Objective Conducted Phase IApplication/Orientation The configuration includes filling of application forms and a 1 hour video demo the selection system process and Toyota work environment To familiarized authority employees about the company while collection information about work experience and skills Kentucky Department of Employment function Phase IITechnical Skills Assessment newspaper and Pencil Test General knowledge assessment (2hrs)Tool and Die general assessment (6hrs) To exam general Knowledge and potentials Kentucky Department of Employment Services Phase IIIInterpersonal Skills Assessment Individual problem solving ability test (4hr s)Production assembly simulation (5hrs) Assess decision making and interpersonal skills HR Toyota Motor Manufacturing Phase IV Toyota Assessment A general Interview and evaluation (1hr) Discussion of achievements and accomplishments HR Toyota Motor Manufacturing Phase VHealth Assessment physiological test and drug or alcohol test (2. 5hrs) To ascertain the physical condition Scot County and General Hospital & HR Toyota Motor Manufacturing Phase VIOn-the-Job observance Guidance and coaching on the job after macrocosm utilise Assessment of Job performance and education skills HR Toyota Motor Manufacturing 3. 2. Training and Professional Development (Singapore Airlines) Organizations see training and schooling and as a vital human resources activity as they consider it as a motivator for employees to do their job better and consequently contributes to their career development.Improvement of an employees capabilities plus their professional development as well as the organ izations is part of the purposes of training and development Types of training Aviation remains a large and growing industry. It facilitates economic growth, world trade, international investment and tourism and is indeed central to the globalization taking place in many other industries (syl. com, 2006). In the past decades Air kick the bucket has grown by 7% per year, travel for both business and leisure purposes grew strongly worldwide the large aircraft such as the Boeing 747 (Boeing , 2012 ) made it convenient and affordable for people to travel further to new and exotic destinations.The airline industry in Asia Pacific Region is highly competitive and price wars are a common occurrence. (Chan, 2000) There is constant fighting for territory and expansion which has led to the optical fusion of Air Asia and Malaysian Airline, a merger which was fronted based on being a major player in the industry along with Qatar Airline, Emirate Airline and more who have concentrated on low ering their costs and change service to customers thereby posing as a strong competitor. even Singapore Airline has risen to the challenges and are therefore one of the biggest players in the airline industries by going extra miles in their strategies and they are fundamentally the trend setter of the airline industry.SIA has employed many innovative strategies since it began. These strategies have been supported and strengthen over the years, and have led to the success, the company enjoys today. To be successful in the airline industry you have to employ higher-up efficiency, quality, innovation and customer responsiveness. Figure 6 Singapore Airline Organizational Hierarchy (singaporeair. com, 2012 ) Human Resource Management in Singapore Airline inculcated a system that helps their worker achieve the best they can be, the gloss of the company ensures that their employees have full opportunity of extensive learning and development which enhances their personal and professio nal development.Joining the company gives the employees to be open to experience a full experience ranging the normal orientation programs, visiting of the company sites and attachments so they can exposure to the company and the industry as well, further also the company would embark on leadership and general management programs on the average each employee receives eleven days of training each year. or so employees may be assigned to a mentor in their first year who might be their line manager who plays the role in imitating training relating to job skills, a system in place to help the employees adapt to the working life and adjust to the Companys culture.The company is committed to helping its employees develop into true airline professionals. The company blast in the business due to the diverse nature of the business require a different scope for development. SIA involves its employees in job rotation schemes which ensure that employees perform their duties in their field of specialization or crosswise usable areas. It is so planned that throughout the career stages and advancement employees will have to interact with his/her colleagues as well as higher-ranking management staffs across the whole organization and globally, through involvement in the committees and task forces. in time opportunities for afield duties are available to Employees of Singapore Airline.Employees after working for a period of experience years can apply to join the companys Overseas Manager Scheme. This is a good career development as they have the opportunity to become one of the Airlines General Managers oversees. much(prenominal) manager would be in charge of the companys overseas business interest which ranges from sales and marketing, Human Resource, finance, management and government relations. As a graduate entry at Singapore Airline would offshoot from the junior management level but can rise to the senior management positions such as vice-presidents and above wit h experiences, training, exposures, and stellar performance as they case may be. (singaporeair. com, 2012 ) 3. 3. Performance Management (Quantum)Figure 7 Performance Management Model (hr. cornell. edu, 2012 ) Performance Management, according to Dessler, (2012) is a continuous process of identifying, measuring, and growth the performance of individuals and teams and aligning their performance with organizational goals some schools of thought still refers to performance management as performance appraisal while some say it is just a branch of performance management that deals with reward for performance (Dessler, 2012). Quantum Corporation manufactures and renders services of recovery, and archive solutions for customers ranging from small businesses to multinational enterprises (investing. businessweek. om, 2012) it came into reckon business as a supplier of hardware to manufacturers and end users in 1980. The activities below are the regular practices of Quantum Corporat ion that seemly infer they are practicing performance management. * Maintaining a result Focus * Decision Making with the best interest of the Company in mind * readying together Collaboratively * purpose problem Troubleshooting and fixing them * Setting high standards * Being open, honest and direct * Staying flexible and adaptable * Taking initiative for ones own development * Resolving issues in an objective manner Figure 8 Performance Management Process (Office of Personnel Management, 1999) 3. 4.Employee Benefits and Compensation ExxonMobil ExxonMobil a multinational crude and gas corporation was formed from the 1999 merger Exxon and Mobil, the corporation was rated as one of the largest publicly traded company by market capitalization. In 2011 the company recorded a revenue of 354,674,000 and a sale of 30,460,000 (money. cnn. com, 2011) and recently ExxonMobil was rated by Forbes as the number 1 largest company among 200 (DeCarlo, 2012) . The amount of employee in th e company is 102,700 (CNN, 2010) happened to be the second after Wal-Mart. The Human Resource Department of ExxonMobil places high emphasis on the benefit and compensation of its employees.It stresses the fact that that to bond at the top the corporation has to attract retain and develop the best man power that would meet their business needs, thereof the strategy the company is to stay aloof in their HRM activities is the attractive and competitive compensation and benefits. Figure 9 Benefits and Compensation Model (trueinfos. com, 2012 ) ExxonMobil is aware of the effect of reward is, in terms of remuneration and benefits which they are devoted to employees for their intelligence, passion and ingenuity in performing their duties to the company. The company feels there should be satisfying balance in what the employees seeks in their career and personal pursuits while outside work hence the company provided necessary resources that would meet their various needs. At ExxonM obil there is this believe that employees should be properly rewarded because of their hard work. 3. 5. 1. Salary CompensationA very competitive salary (including 13th 14th month) regular salary for staffs are paid with concrete research into salaries paid by other competing companies in their various positions all over and a benchmark is set. Further in that extra months pay to workers. A Pension Savings Plan The Company contributes to the indemnity saving plan of each employee which would be added to the government pension payout. Commuting Allowance Every mileage used from home to work every day are reimbursed by the company. Even on business trips, travel cost are burn by the company no matter the time duration. 3. 5. 2. Additional Benefits ExxonMobil adds some tokens as benefits on top of the interest and their competitive salaries paid to their employees.They range from savings plan, pension plan, medical plan, dental and vision plans, disability plan, life insurance pla n and other programmes such as vacation, global fit discount program, product discount, flexible work arrangements and leaves of absence Medical Coverage (for you and your dependents) this is an insurance plan in place for medical cost not provided for the employees basic policy (BE) or medical cost contribution. Accident Disability Insurance Insurance plan in place for employee accident both during worry and outside work area, industrial accident insurance police Product discounts Rebates of 10% (excluding taxes) given collide with to employees for using Esso Card, rebates on heating oil, and many more Savings Plan- ExxonMobil employees are provided with a saving scheme where they contribute a certain percentage of their pay and receive the return even with interest.Disability Plan- the programme is in place for employees who are absent from work for both short-run and long-term due to illness or injuries that happened on or off the job. Dental and Vision Plans dental servic es and vision service are done for both preventive and corrective ones. The cost of incurred would be dual-lane between the company and staff. Employees are eligible for this programme once you start working with ExxonMobil. Pre- Tax Spending Plan All the staff of the company that participated in the dental and a vision plans are all involved in pre-tax spending plan. Holidays ExxonMobil pays for 8 designated holidays and each employee is eligible to go for 2 paid ones. Scheduling of holidaying varies for company paid for some locations.Global Fit drop Program the scheme paves way for the company employees and retiree and their families to join top rated health club at a discount rate. 3. 0. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION A careful look at the companies best practices and policies in human resource management as discussed in the previous section, it is observed that there are many practices and policies a company can decide to use to strengthen the organization with its success unaccompanied depends on their contribution to organizational performance. It has assumed that one of these practices is the sole contributor to organization performance however all the functions of human resource cannot be neglected considering their roles collectively as none of the practices can even function without the other.The competitiveness and success of an organization can not only be determined by human resource activities, the fact cannot be ignored that without human effort an organization can function but so far the companies have been singled out as successful through their revenue, sales, market share and market growth. ExxonMobil is an oil and gas company and they happen to be the number largest company dues because of their revenue. My 3 years experience has given an idea in which human resource practice that has proven to be successful it is evident in success of Quantum corporation even ExxonMobil. I have had a good performance because at every closing hour of the day there is ever so a review and report writing where the Executive director would sit and redress every variances and also set a target for the contiguous day.Furthermore all the practices of human resource management are applicable it only depends on the human resource executive to choose know which one is best suited for the company and its employees. Bibliography accel-team. com, 2012 . ACCEL. Online in stock(predicate) at http//www. accel-team. com/human_resources/hrm_01. hypertext mark-up language Accessed 11 expansive 2012 . Agawarwala, T. , 2003. Innovative Human Resource and Organization Commitment an experimental Investigation. The International Journal of Human Resource, 14(2), pp. 174-197. Bliss, R. , 2012. How to chuck a Campaign (Watching AMCs The Pitch Doesnt Count ). The Washington Times, 2 June. Boeing , 2012 . Boeing. 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